Being born with a hole in the ear, known as preauricular pits, is a condition affecting a small percentage of the population. These pits are congenital and appear as small openings or indentations near the external ear, specifically where the cartilage of the upper ear meets the face. Although often harmless, preauricular pits can sometimes be associated with rare syndromes or lead to infections.

Preauricular pits occur due to incomplete fusion of the hillocks of His during ear development in the womb. This incomplete fusion results in the creation of a small sinus or tunnel that may or may not extend deep beneath the skin. In some cases, these pits are genetic and can run in families, providing insight into a possible hereditary link.

Concerning treatment, preauricular pits often require no intervention; however, if they become infected or cause discomfort, medical evaluation is advised. Infected pits may be treated with antibiotics, but recurrent infections could necessitate surgical removal. The surgical process involves excision of the tract, which is typically straightforward with a high success rate. Another aspect of facial surgical care involves addressing hemifacial microsomia, a condition characterized by underdeveloped facial structures on one side. This situation may require hemifacial microsomia treatment, which focuses on reconstructing the affected area to achieve facial symmetry and proper functionality.

It is important for individuals with preauricular pits to be aware of any symptoms that could indicate an infection, such as swelling, pain, or discharge. Early treatment can prevent complications and maintain the aesthetic and functional aspects of the ear.